Invitrogen™ KIR2D Monoclonal Antibody (NKVFS1)

Description

Clone NKVFS1 recognizes the long and short forms CD158a and CD158b (KIR2DL, KIR2DS1 and KIR2DS2 respectively) and also p50.3 (KIR2DS4). This clone is reported to have functional activity, activating NK cell cytotoxicity via KIR2DS and inhibiting via KIR2DL forms. For FACS analysis, use 10 μL of the suggested working dilution to label 1x10^6 cells in 100 μL.

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several 'framework' genes are found in all haplotypes. The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response.